Is stroke really a “geriatric disease”? How far is it from us?
Cerebral Apoplexy
According to the World Health Organization definition, stroke refers to multiple causes leading to cerebral vascular damage, focal (or overall) brain tissue damage, causing clinical symptoms more than 24 hours or death.
The incidence of stroke is obviously seasonal, and the incidence is higher in the cold season. When the temperature difference changes greatly, it is easy to cause blood pressure rise, vasoconstriction, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and so on. The peak of incidence in a day is usually near noon.
“China Stroke Prevention and Treatment Report 2018” points out that one stroke occurs every 12 seconds and one death occurs every 21 seconds in China. Stroke is the first cause of death in China.
Features
Stroke has the “four high” characteristics of high morbidity, high disability rate, high recurrence rate, and high mortality rate. It is a disease with a very high mortality and disability rate in China.
- Classification of Stroke
Stroke is mainly divided into ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke.
The incidence of ischemic stroke is higher than that of hemorrhagic stroke, accounting for 60% to 70% of the total number of strokes. Occlusion and stenosis of the internal carotid and vertebral arteries can cause ischemic stroke, mostly over 40 years of age, more men than women, and severe cases can cause death. Mortality from hemorrhagic stroke is high.
- The incidence of stroke tends to be younger.
At present, China’s urbanization process is accelerating, and unhealthy lifestyle exists in a large number of young people, which greatly increases the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Stroke shows an explosive growth trend and the younger trend is becoming more and more obvious. According to the data of “China Stroke Prevention and Treatment Report 2018”, stroke occurred in the population under 35 years old, accounting for 9.77% of the total, mainly ischemic stroke.
- Pathogenic factors of stroke
The pathogenesis of stroke is complicated, and many risk factors can induce stroke. Such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, poor lifestyle habits, overweight and obesity, insufficient physical activity, etc., are all considered as risk factors for stroke.
- Methods for quickly identification Stroke
Identifying the “FAST” Rule of Stroke
F is face: The patient’s face will appear asymmetric, and can not smile normally.
A is arm: Ask the patient to raise his hands to see if one limb is numb and weak.
S is speech: Ask the patient to repeat a sentence to see if it is difficult to express.
T is time: Confirm the patient’s symptoms, contact 120 immediately and send them to the hospital with thrombolytic capacity, and inform the main symptoms and onset time.
A method commonly used in China is called the “120” principle.
“1” means whether a face is symmetrical or not.
“2” means whether two upper limbs have unilateral weakness and cannot be lifted.
“0” means listening to the patient’s voice clearly.
Among the three, any one of them can be judged as stroke.
- Golden Time for Stroke Rescue
For stroke patients, rescue time is very important. There is 4.5 hours of gold after stroke, and patients are expected to return to normal after successful thrombolysis. For ischemic stroke, intravenous thrombolysis is the most important treatment measure within 4.5 hours after onset. Some experts have stated that “if the thrombolysis is successful, the probability of the patient returning to normal is still very high, at least a little fine Can’t do it by hand. “
- Prevention of Stroke
Control blood pressure
Hypertension not only causes damage to heart, brain and kidney vessels, but also promotes the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, controlling blood pressure can prevent stroke to a certain extent. Hypertension is easy to cause stroke, and hypotension can also cause cerebral thrombosis.
Control blood lipids
Obese people should pay attention, especially the elderly. It is very necessary to control diet and ensure the normal level of blood lipids can effectively reduce the incidence of stroke.
Regulate mood
Excessive emotional tension, excitement and depression are all the mental factors leading to the onset of cerebral thrombosis. It goes without saying that people are in a good mood and can adjust their emotions in time.
Strike a proper balance between work and rest
Good living habits are an important factor for maintaining good health, especially the stroke has become younger in the past two years, and it has an inseparable close relationship with young people sitting and staying up late. Regular lifestyle can effectively prevent stroke.
A good life depends on a healthy body.
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